Red Crossbill

Appearance

Medium-sized finch red (adult males), yellowish-red (immature males) to greyish-green (females and juveniles) finch with distinctive mandibles curved and crossed at the tip.

Natural History —

Taxonomy & Distribution

Loxia c. curvirostra
-> S Great Britain and continental Europe and east to Siberia and Amurland
Loxia c. balearica
-> Balearic Islands
Corsican Crossbill Loxia c. corsicana
-> Corsica
Loxia c. poliogyna
-> Atlas Mountains (Algeria, Tunisia, Morocco)
Loxia c. guillemardi
-> E Balkans, Turkey, Troödos Mountains (Cyprus), Crimea and the Caucasus
Loxia c. altaiensis
-> N NW Mongolia
Loxia c. tianschanica
-> Ala-Tau, Tien Shan Mountains
Loxia c. himalayensis
-> N India and Nepal east to SC China (N Yunnan)
Annam Crossbill Loxia c. meridionalis
-> SC Vietnam
Loxia c. japonica
-> E Russia, N and central Japan; winters south to S Japan, the Korean Peninsula, and E China
Loxia c. luzoniensis
-> Phillipines

Object of study

Call types, dialects.

Known Call Types (Flight Calls)

Type A – F, X (Robb 2000)
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Type G – L (Förschler 2005)
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Type N1 – N23, S1 – S21 (Martin et al. 2019)
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Irruptions

Irregular irruptions south-westwards across Eurasia.